Rethinking World Bank Influence

<p>Why is it so hard for international development organizations—even ones as well-resourced and influential as the World Bank—to generate and sustain change in the way things are done in those countries where they work? Despite what in many cases is decades of investment and effort why do partner governments continue to engage in those traditional patterns and styles of public service management that international development organizations have sought to supplant with methods that are supposedly more accountable efficient and effective? This book provides an answer to these questions. However rather than pathologizing partner governments as the source of the problem—that is rather than maintaining the distinction between doctor (international development organizations) and patient (partner governments) wherein the patient is seen as unwilling to take their medicine (enacting good governance practices)—this book instead reframes the relationship.</p><p>The central argument is first that the programs and projects of international organizations are introduced into and are constrained by multiple layers of ritual governance that is performative acts and cultural logics that intersect with and reinforce the political economic and social structures in and through which they operate. As is shown the contextual factors that guide governance practices are largely beyond the reach of the international development organizations; the relevant logics have their roots in state ideology but also extend back to the colonial logics that continue to operate at the heart of the state apparatus.</p><p>The second the central argument is that international aid organizations and the governments with which they work are engaged in a ritual aid dance where each actor plays a part but does not (and cannot) acknowledge the ways that it depends on the other for its own gain. This relationship can be considered a dance because each participant responds to and needs the other and because both sides do so in ways that are carefully choreographed with the overall trajectory or contours of the dance being more or less known to the participants.</p><p>These arguments are based on research on the World Bank’s efforts over the course of several decades to encourage through its financing projects and technical assistance the implementation of social sector reform in Indonesia related to decentralization community participation and school-based management.</p>