Human Evolution and Fantastic Victorian Fiction

<p>Following the publication of Darwin’s <i>On the Origin of Species</i> Victorian anthropology made two apparently contradictory claims: it <i>distinguished</i> civilized man from animals and primitive humans and it <i>linked</i> them though descent. Paradoxically it was by placing human history in a deep past shaped by minute incremental changes (rather than at the apex of Providential order) that evolutionary anthropology could assert a new form of human exceptionalism and define civilized humanity against both human and nonhuman savagery.</p><p>This book shows how fantastic Victorian and early Edwardian fictions—utopias dystopias nonsense literature gothic horror and children’s fables—untether human and nonhuman animal agency from this increasingly orthodox account of the deep past. As they imagine worlds that lift the evolutionary constraints on development and as they collapse evolution into lived time these stories reveal (and even occupy) dynamic landscapes of cognitive descent that contest prevailing anthropological ideas about race culture and species difference.</p>